James f



J. F. S'PBNE. HYDRQGARBON vAPoR MAGHNB.

No. 69,037. Patented sepa-17, 1867.`

' Inrentpr:

i @uiten taten getest @ffice JAMES r. SPENGE. 0F BROOKLYN, NEW renie.

Letters Patent No. 69,037, dated iS'eptembcr 17, 1867. Y

`IMPI'LOVD HYDROGARBON VAPOR. MACHINE.

dlp .Eintritts retentir tur-iu tips: @titers mail `mit hinting nrt ofV`tip entre.

TO ALL WIIOM IT MAY CONOERN:

Be it known thatLJAMus T. SPnNcE, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings,and State of New York, have invented a new and improved HydrocarbonVapor Machine, and 'that thc following description, taken in connectionwith the accompanying drawings hereinafter referred to, forms afull andexact specitication'of the same, wherein I have set forthvthe nature andprinciples of my said improvements, by which-my invention may hedistinguished -frein all others of'a similar class, together lwith suchparts as I claim and desire to have secured to `me-b'y Letters Patent'.

This invention relates to :rnew and improved machine or apparatus forvaporizing volatile hydrocarbons ior illuminating purposes, and consistsin a ndvel and improved means for creating a draught of `atmospheric-air through the chambers containing 'the material to be vaporized, suchfor instance as the light grades' of coal oil, naphtha, gasoline, etc.,ete., and also in improved valves for checking the draught whenever theapparatus ceases its operation.` 4The invention finally consists in theuse of a combination of-heavy hydrocarbons, or those which vaporize at'quite a high temperature, with that o't` a lighter grade, whereby alldanger of explosion is avoided.

The invention hasfor its object the production of a steady light, alarge yaporizing surface within` a limited space, and'safety fromexplosion in usingthe apparatus. In thc accompanying sheet of dmwingsVFigure 1 is a transverse vertical section of my invention, taken in theline :e x, iig. 2.

Figure 2, a front `view of thelsame, `partly in section.

Figure 3, a detached end view of one of thc revolving chambered drumspertaining to the same.

Figure 4, a front view of one ofsaid drums, partly in section.

Similar letters ofreference indicate like parts.

A represents a rectangular box, which is divided into two compartments BC, by a partition, a, and supported at a proper height by feet Iz. Eachof these compartments is supplied with the naphthaor other duid to bevaporized, andv designated by c, -and this fluid is supplied to thecompartments B C, through pipes d d, leading from a reservoir, D, on thet`op of an upper chamber, E. The lower compartmenti has two pipes e e,comm'unieating with its upper part, and to the lower ends of these pipeschambers f are attached, cach containing a valve, g, constructed out ofsome light material, such as cork, for instance. The lower compartment Bcommunicates with the upper one C, by means of a series of small pipesh, and the upperV compartment C communicates by u.`

pipe, ax, with a receptacle, F, at one side` of the upper chamber E, anopening being made in the outer or face sideof said chamber, which isclosed by a screw, z', or other means. In the upper chamber E there ispissed centrally and longitudinally a shaft, j, which is rotated bygearing lc from a driving-shaft, G, and has upon it two drums H I-I,divided into four compartments l, by oblique' partitions m, (see iig.4.). Each chamber has a radial opening, n, at one end of it, arid atulle, c, communicates with each chamber and extendsl aroundtheperiphery of the drums in a backward direction a distance equal to aboutone quarter of their circumference, {see fig. 3.) The sides of the drumsH, opposite to the sides where the, openings n are made, have concentricopenings p to receive each a pipe, q, from the receptacle F, the endsot. the pipes g turning upward above the surface of the liquid inchamber E, (see iig. l.) Th'c chamber E is supplied with a light gradeof. fluid, such as naphtua, gasoline, etc., from a reservoir, D', in thechamber E, a pipe 'r, conducting the same from D into E, (see iig. 2.) Irepresents gas iets, which are within annulaichnmbers s, whichcommunicate with. chamber E, and are supplied with gas from the chamberE:

The operation is as follows: The upper chamber E is supplied with thelight material, naphtha, gasoline, or other similar substance,designated by t, and also supplied with heavier substances, such aswhale oil -u,.and

lard-oil o. These heavier hydrocarbons servo as adulterates, and preventartoo great `vaporization of the liquid in E, aiulcorfsequentlyprevent-a liability to explosion. The drums II, as they rotate, serve tocreate a suction through the chambersl B, C, and E, as indicated by thearrows, nnd the tubes o admit of the air in the chambers l beinggradually expelled :is the openings n of .the chambers pass through theduid in E, the mingled vapor and air passing gradually out from the endsof the tubes o, and prevent-ing thosudden puits or .vibrations whichwould otherwise occur when the openings c pass out from the iiuidat, therising sides of the drums, it being understood theft the openings p, atone side ofthe drums, arcfbelow the surface of the iluid in E. The airthat enters the drums 1I through the openings fn., when the latter areabove the iiuidin E, isl mingled with the vapor as the openings becomesubmerged in the Huid, and eiective and even vaporization of' the fluidis `therefore effected. Thi,- draught caused by the rotation of thedrums causes a good draught through all the chambers. The gas jets I arekept burning in case the iluid in E requires any warmth. The tubes o area great acquisition, causing a steadj)vr light, it being understood thatthe chamber E is the main or holderwith which the pipes on which thegas-burners are placed communicate. The light valves g chock the draughtinstantly as soon as the rotation of the drums H ceases.l Their extremelightness admits of them readily rising under a light draught while 'thevalves will close or drop instantly, as soon as the draught is stopped.These .valves Ythereby prevent any escape of vapor when the device isinoperative.` I

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new, and desire to secureby Letterslatent- 1. Thevcombination'and arrangement of the threechambers B C4 E, with the reservoirs D D and supply v pipes d d r,substantially as and for the purpose set lforth.

2. The two rotating drums H, provided with chambers L, in combina-tionwith the tubes o, substantially as I and for the pur-pose specified.

3. In a hydrocarbon vapor machine, the employment or nseof Ia pluralityof hydrocarbonsof different grades, placed in one or more chambers ofthe machine, substantiallyv 'as and for the purpose set forth. O

4. The valvesf, constructed of cork, or other similar light material,when used in connectimi with a hydrocarbonvapor machine, substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth. u Y l 'I JAMES F. SPENCE.

Witnesses: y

Wm F. McNAMARA, Y ALEX. Romm'rs.

